Although Lin Yuhui set great store by the alien information Zhang Xiangqian had brought back from Planet Guoke, he could not accept its content in its entirety, because Zhang Xiangqian had not stated it clearly. So he had no choice but to select from it the most basic parts, those still without narrative ambiguity or ambiguity of understanding, as the basis for belief.
虽然林语晖对张祥前从果克星拿回来的外星信息很重视,但是他无法全盘接受他的内容,因为张祥前没说清楚.所以只好从中选取最基本的,还算没有叙述歧义或者理解歧义的部分作为基础采信.
1, Space takes the point particle or the object possessing mass as its starting point and diverges spirally in all directions at the speed of light. The axial velocity of the spiral is the speed of light. The radial linear velocity of the spiral space is the speed of light divided by the fine-structure constant. But in that case the resultant velocity would exceed the speed of light. Therefore we tentatively hold that this radial linear velocity of the spiral space lies within a space of another dimension. In addition, we tentatively hold that the characteristic whereby the radial linear velocity of the spiral space is the speed of light divided by the fine-structure constant is a statistical result formed by the characteristics of the local universe. Different universes possess different physical properties, manifested as different local fine-structure constants.
1, 空间是以质点或者有质量物体为起始点向四周以光速螺旋发散的.螺旋的轴向速度是光速.螺旋空间的径向线速度是光速除以精细结构常数.但是这样的话合成速度就超过光速了.所以我们暂时认为这个螺旋空间的径向线速度是另一个维度的空间内.另外螺旋空间的径向线速度是光速除以精细结构常数这一特性我们暂时认为这是本地宇宙特性所形成的统计结果.不同的宇宙会有不同的物理性质,体现为不同的本地精细结构常数.
2, On this basis, we understand the spiral space diverging at the speed of light as the calibration acting as a potential field. The density of the spiral space is proportional to the mass that emits it, so one may obtain, at different distances from the point particle emitting the spiral space, the spiral space density within a unit space, the direction of propagation, and the direction of the spiral, as the potential field of that point.
2, 以此为基础,我们把以光速发散的螺旋空间理解为作为势场的标定.螺旋空间的密度正比于发出它的质量,所以可得距离发出螺旋空间质点的不同距离上的单位空间里的螺旋空间密度,传播方向,螺旋方向,作为这一点的势场.
3, We hold that the ether exists, or in other words the quantum field, and that it is finite-element; its source is not defined here, we merely hold that it exists, that it is at the microscopic level, and perhaps in future its definition will be related to consciousness. It is equivalent to the spiral field emitted by a point particle of macroscopic mass or by a massive planet, propagating at the speed of light within the quantum field, and influencing the fundamental properties of the local quantum field.
3, 我们认为存在以太,或者说量子场,并且是有限元的,它的来源在此暂不定义,只是认为它存在,是微观层面的,或许将来定义与意识相关.相当于宏观质量的质点或者有质量星球发出的螺旋场,在量子场中以光速传播,并且会影响局域量子场基本性质.
4, Now we come to macroscopic gravity. Suppose two massive planets, both of which emit right-handed spiral space, but the spiral space between them, because its directions of rotation are opposite, is partially or wholly cancelled, causing the potential field between them to be lower than the potential field on their outer sides, so they automatically have a tendency to slide toward each other, or in other words they are pushed toward each other by the larger potential fields behind each of them. This is the origin of gravity.
4, 现在来到宏观引力.假设两个大质量星球,它们都发出右手螺旋空间,但是在它们之间的螺旋空间因为旋转方向相反,部分或者全部抵消了,造成了它们之间的势场低于它们外侧的势场,所以它们自动有滑向对方的趋势,或者说它们被各自背后更大的势场推向对方,这就是引力的来源.
5, Then we continue with a microscopic example. Zhang Xiangqian says that the electron is an electric charge produced because mass transforms with time. The positron emits right-handed spiral space, the negative electron emits left-handed spiral space, or in other words the divergence direction of the right-handed spiral space points toward the negative electron. What Zhang Xiangqian says about electric charge and about mass is all spiral space, yet there is no distinction at all. This gives rise to a contradiction of an order-of-magnitude difference between gravity and electric field force produced by the same spiral space. There is also this: following the gravitational attraction logic above, how is it that two positive charges do not attract? Furthermore, between positive and negative charges, and between like charges, the acting forces ought to be equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. Yet according to the gravitational attraction logic above, with the strengthening and weakening of spiral space, the magnitudes of the forces of like charges attracting and unlike charges repelling cannot be explained. Therefore here we define that the spiral space emitted and absorbed by the positive and negative electrons is monopolar space, so that superposition and cancellation may be carried out between them. The repulsive force of positrons is like +1+1=2, the attraction of the positive and negative electrons is 1-(-1)=2, and their numerical magnitudes are then equal.
5, 然后继续讨论一个微观例子.张祥前说电子是因为质量随时间转变产生的电荷.正电子是发出右手螺旋空间,负电子是发出左手螺旋空间,或者说是右手螺旋空间发散方向指向负电子.张祥前关于电荷和质量说的都是螺旋空间,但是没有任何区别.这就造成了一个同样螺旋空间引力和电场力数量级差别的矛盾.还有依照上述引力吸引逻辑,两个正电荷怎么没有吸引.还有正负电荷之间,同性电荷之间的作用力应该是大小相等方向相反.但是按照上述引力吸引逻辑,螺旋空间增强和削弱,同性相吸和异性相斥的力大小是解释不通的.所以在这里我们定义正负电子发出和吸收的螺旋空间是单极空间,这样就可以在它们之间进行叠加和抵消了.正电子的斥力好比+1+1=2,正负电子的引力就是1-(-1)=2,它们的数值大小就相等了.
6, As for Zhang Xiangqian saying that the essence of electricity is changing mass, that the positive charge quantity is the rate of mass increase and the negative charge quantity is the rate of mass decrease. This sounds very much as if a relation of a mass white hole and a black hole has been formed between the positive and negative electrons, and all electrons have the same rate of mass change; they seem to be exchanging mass behind the scenes, or serving as channels through which mass flows. That is to say, they may involve another dimension.
6, 关于张祥前说的电本质是变质量,正电荷量是质量增加速率,负电荷量是质量减少速率.这听起来很像是正负电子之间形成了一个质量白洞和黑洞的关系,并且所有电子都是相同质量变化速率的,它们好像在背后交换质量,或者作为质量流动的通道.也就是说它们可能涉及到另一个维度了.
7, Below we proceed to a somewhat wilder supposition. At the microscopic level, or at the level of consciousness, there is no time and no space there, and everything exists panoramically. For an excited photon, at the very moment it sets out its fate is already determined: its direction, by whom it is absorbed, or the propagating state of its flight. It is only that when this entire script is staged upon our material world, it is confined to propagating only at the speed of light, and you must wait before you can see the result. This photon may fly in a straight line and propagate forever. Of course it may also be that beside it there is a black hole, and it happens to go around once and comes back. And likewise at the microscopic scale? Such structural binding may also exist, causing the space emitted by the point particle to close into a loop. This leads to the following free flight of imagination.
7, 下面进行更狂野一点的设想,在微观层面,或者意识层面,那里没有时间没有空间,一切都是全景存在的.一个激发的光子在它起飞那一刻它的宿命就已经确定了,方向,被谁吸收或者飞行的传播态.只是这一切剧本在我们的物质世界上演时候它被限制了只能以光速传播,你要等待才能看到结果.这个光子可能直线飞行永远传播下去.当然也可能它旁边有一个黑洞,它恰好转一圈又回来了.同样在微观尺度呢?也可能存在这样的结构束缚,使得质点发出的空间闭环了.这就引出了下面的畅想.
8, Between the macroscopic cosmic scale and the microscopic scale that has no time and no space, there is a chaotic and tumultuous ocean, where mass and energy are entangled together; it is an ocean of quantum fluctuation. Here there are structures such as the electron that emit monopolar spiral space, and there are also structures that have closed off monopolar spiral space. They form spatial potential fields of different structures, interacting with and influencing one another.
8, 在宏观宇宙尺度和微观没有时间空间的尺度之间,有一个混乱喧闹的海洋,那里质量和能量纠缠在一起,是一片量子涨落的海洋.在这里有电子这样的发出单极螺旋空间的结构,也有闭合了单极螺旋空间的结构.它们形成不同结构的空间势场,互相作用影响.
9, Now we have discovered yet another problem. Evidently the spiral space between electrons acts only between them; then is it not the case that the spiral space emitted by different particles, by different featured substances possessing mass, has different attributes? For instance, velocity, pitch? Is this not one reason why we cannot perceive other dimensions, for example dark matter? And the manifestations of spiral space corresponding to different velocities and pitches may be energies of different quantum levels, or rather a series of energy level progressions; these progressions are not equal to one another, and there is no energy exchange between them.
9, 现在我们又发现了一个问题,显然电子之间的螺旋空间只在它们之间发生作用,那么是不是不同粒子,不同特征的具备质量的物质发出的螺旋空间具有不同的属性呢?比如速度,螺距?这是不是我们感知不到其它维度的一个原因,比如说暗物质.而对应不同速度,螺距的螺旋空间的表现,可能是不同量子级别的能量,或者说一系列的能量级别级数,这些级数互不相等,它们之间没有能量交互.
10, And the density and sparseness of the spiral space emitted by mass defines the potential field in the universe, and its gradient is like flowing water. The macroscopic manifestation within this potential field is the statistical result of the microscopic; different degrees of spatial curvature influence the degree of curvature of local time; different spiral space pitches and velocities, that is, the hierarchical levels of the energy level progressions, determine the dimensions of spacetime. The curvature gradient of the macroscopic spacetime field that they shape, taken as a whole, resembles a fluid field, a flow field of spacetime.
10, 而质量发出的螺旋空间的稠密与稀疏在宇宙中定义了势场,它的梯度就像流水一样.这个势场里的宏观体现是微观的统计结果,不同的空间弯曲程度影响着本地时间的弯曲程度,不同螺旋空间螺距,速度,也就是能量级别级数层次决定着时空的维度.它们塑造的宏观时空场弯曲梯度,整体上好像一个流体场,时空的流场.
In order to dispel his doubts and confirm the direction, Lin Yuhui asked the AI a few more questions.
为了打消疑虑和确认方向,林语晖又问了AI几个问题,
"At the level of microscopic particles, is time continuous? Does causality exist?"
"微观粒子层面时间连续吗?因果存在吗"
Answer 1:
This is a profound question touching the very foundations of physics. A short answer: at the microscopic level, the continuity of time is called into question, while the law of causality, although modified, is preserved in a stricter form.
回答1:
这是一个触及物理学根基的深刻问题.简短回答:在微观层面,时间的连续性受到质疑,而因果律虽然被修改,但以一种更严格的形式保留了下来.
Is time still continuous? 时间还是连续的吗?
In standard quantum mechanics, yes. The Schrödinger equation treats time as a continuous parameter, and the wave function evolves smoothly with time. Quantum field theory is likewise built upon a continuous spacetime manifold.
在标准量子力学中,是的. 薛定谔方程将时间 作为连续参数,波函数随时间平滑演化.量子场论同样建立在连续时空流形上.
But at the quantum gravity scale (the Planck scale, about seconds), very likely not.
但在量子引力尺度（普朗克尺度,约 秒）,很可能不是.
Loop Quantum Gravity predicts that spacetime itself possesses an atomic structure; time and space are discrete at the Planck scale, and there exists a minimum unit of time. 圈量子引力（Loop Quantum Gravity）预言时空本身具有原子性结构,时间和空间在普朗克尺度是离散的,存在最小时间单位. String theory and Causal Set Theory likewise suggest that spacetime may be discrete at the fundamental level, or that time is merely an emergent phenomenon rather than a fundamental existence. 弦理论和因果集理论（Causal Set Theory）也暗示时空在基本层面可能是离散的,或者时间只是一种涌现（emergent）现象,而非基本存在.
Therefore, "time is continuous" may be only a macroscopic approximation, just as a smooth tabletop is in fact a discrete molecular structure when seen under a microscope.
所以,"时间连续"可能只是宏观近似,就像光滑的桌面在显微镜下其实是离散的分子结构.
Does causality still exist?
It exists, but "causality" at the microscopic level is greatly different from everyday intuition. 因果还存在吗?
存在,但微观层面的"因果"与日常直觉大不相同.
Classical causality vs quantum causality
经典因果 vs 量子因果
Everyday causality is local and unidirectional: A occurs before B, A causes B, and information cannot be transmitted faster than light.
日常因果是定域的,单向的:A 发生在 B 之前,A 导致 B,信息不能超过光速传递.
The microscopic world challenges this naive view of causality:
微观世界挑战了这种朴素因果观:
(1) Quantum entanglement and "action at a distance" With two entangled particles, measuring one of them instantly affects the state of the other, no matter how far apart they are. But this does not transmit information, and therefore does not violate relativistic causality. Einstein called it "spooky action at a distance," yet quantum field theory strictly guarantees, through micro-causality, that events at spacelike separation must commute (or anticommute), that is, they cannot causally influence one another.
（1）量子纠缠与"超距作用" 两个纠缠粒子,测量其中一个会瞬间影响另一个的状态,无论相距多远.但这不传递信息,因此不违反相对论因果律.爱因斯坦称之为"幽灵般的超距作用",但量子场论通过微观因果性（micro-causality）严格保证:类空间隔的事件必须对易（或反对易）,即彼此不能因果影响.
(2) The causal paradox of wave function collapse Measurement causes the wave function to collapse, yet "measurement" itself has no clear physical definition. This has given rise to a century-long debate over whether the observer participates in the causal chain.
（2）波函数坍缩的因果悖论 测量导致波函数坍缩,但"测量"本身没有清晰的物理定义.这引发了关于观测者是否参与因果链的百年争论.
(3) The delayed-choice experiment Wheeler's delayed-choice experiment shows that a choice made now seems able to "change" the past—after the particle has passed through the double slit, it then "decides" whether it passed through as a particle or as a wave. This destroys the linear causal intuition that "the past determines the future."
（3）延迟选择实验 惠勒的延迟选择实验表明,现在的选择似乎可以"改变"过去——粒子在通过双缝之后,才"决定"自己是以粒子还是波的形式通过.这摧毁了"过去决定未来"的线性因果直觉.
(4) The causal structure in quantum mechanics can itself be superposed The latest quantum causal models (such as the work of Oreshkov, Costa and Brukner) even prove that at the quantum level the causal order itself can be in a superposition state—events A and B can be in a quantum superposition of "A causes B" and "B causes A." This means that the fixed temporal order of "cause first, effect after" may no longer hold at the microscopic level.
（4）量子力学中的因果结构本身可被叠加 最新的量子因果模型（如 Oreshkov,Costa 和 Brukner 的工作）甚至证明:在量子层面,因果顺序本身可以是叠加态——事件 A 和 B 可以处于"A 导致 B"和"B 导致 A"的量子叠加中.这意味着"先因后果"的固定时间顺序在微观层面可能不再成立.
Summary
总结
Concept概念
Macroscopic Intuition宏观直觉
Microscopic Physical Reality微观物理现实
Continuity of Time Time时间连续性
flows continuously like a river时间如河流般连续流动
Continuous in standard theory; possibly discrete at the quantum gravity level
标准理论中连续;量子引力层面可能离散
Causality因果性
Cause first and effect after, unidirectional and certain先因后果,单向确定
Modified by quantum entanglement, delayed choice, and superposition of causal order
被量子纠缠,延迟选择,因果序叠加所修正
表格
概念 宏观直觉 微观物理现实
时间连续性 时间如河流般连续流动 标准理论中连续;量子引力层面可能离散
因果性 先因后果,单向确定 被量子纠缠,延迟选择,因果序叠加所修正
The microscopic world has not altogether abolished causality; rather, it has liberated us from the classical picture of "a unidirectional causal chain within an absolute flow of time." Causality exists in a more abstract and more algebraic form—as a structural relation among events, rather than as a compulsory sequence of before and after upon a time line.
微观世界并未彻底废除因果,而是将我们从"绝对时间流中的单向因果链"这一经典图景中解放出来.因果以一种更抽象,更代数化的形式存在——作为事件之间的结构关系,而非时间线上的先后强制.
If time is discrete, causality may no longer be a "continuous force," but rather a transition rule between discrete events.
如果时间是离散的,因果可能不再是"连续的力",而是离散事件之间的跃迁规则.
"Then can it be held that time and space do not exist at the microscopic level, at least not in the macroscopic sense?"
"那么可以认为微观层面时间空间不存在,至少是宏观的那种不存在"
It can be said so, but a key qualification must be added: spacetime as an "a priori background" does not exist, yet some more fundamental structure does exist, and the spacetime we are familiar with has "emerged" from this structure.
可以这样说,但需要加一个关键的限定:时空作为"先验背景"（background）不存在,但某种更基本的结构存在,而我们熟悉的时空是从这种结构中"涌现"出来的.
Answer 2:
This view is not philosophical fancy, but the mainstream direction of contemporary quantum gravity research.
回答2:
这个观点不是哲学臆想,而是当代量子引力研究的主流方向.
The precise meaning of "does not exist" "不存在"的精确含义
When physicists say "spacetime does not exist," they do not mean "there is nothing at all"; they mean:
物理学家说的"时空不存在",不是指"什么都没有",而是指:
There is no a priori, absolute spacetime stage (Background Independence) 没有先验的,绝对的时空舞台（Background Independence） There is no continuous coordinate system that can be used to mark "here" and "now" 没有连续的坐标系可以用来标记"这里"和"现在" There is no independent spacetime geometry serving as the background for the motion of matter 没有独立的时空几何作为物质运动的背景
In general relativity, spacetime is itself a dynamical variable, mutually shaped together with matter. Quantum gravity theory further holds that when we quantize spacetime itself, even the concept of "spacetime manifold" disintegrates.
在广义相对论中,时空本身就是动力学变量,与物质相互塑造.量子引力理论进一步认为:当我们把时空本身也量子化时,连"时空流形"这个概念都瓦解了.
The "absence of spacetime" in specific theories 具体理论中的"无时空"
Loop Quantum Gravity
圈量子引力（Loop Quantum Gravity）
Spacetime is not a continuous manifold, but is woven out of discrete "spin networks." At this level there is no concept of a "point," only nodes and links. Space is quantized, and so is time. The continuous space we perceive is like discrete pixels seen from afar as a smooth picture.
时空不是连续的流形,而是由离散的"自旋网络"（spin network）编织而成.在这个层面,没有"点"的概念,只有节点和连接.空间是量子化的,时间同样如此.我们感知的连续空间,就像把离散的像素从远处看成了平滑画面.
String Theory / M-Theory
弦理论 / M理论
The 4-dimensional spacetime we live in is only a low-energy approximation of a 10- or 11-dimensional spacetime. At the string scale, the concept of spacetime itself depends upon the excitation modes of the strings. Different string configurations may correspond to different spacetime geometries, and even to different numbers of dimensions.
我们生活的4维时空只是10维或11维时空的低能近似.在弦尺度上,时空的概念本身依赖于弦的激发模式.不同的弦构型可能对应不同的时空几何,甚至不同的维度数.
Causal Set Theory
因果集理论（Causal Set Theory）
The only fundamental entities are discrete events and the causal order among them. There is no continuous space, there is no time coordinate, there is only a network of "cause→effect" relations. The 4-dimensional continuous spacetime we perceive is merely the statistical average of this discrete causal set at large scales.
唯一的基本实体是离散的事件和它们之间的因果序.没有连续的空间,没有时间坐标,只有"因→果"的关系网络.我们感知的4维连续时空,只是这个离散因果集在大尺度上的统计平均.
Holographic Principle and AdS/CFT
全息原理（Holographic Principle）与 AdS/CFT
This is one of the most powerful pieces of evidence. A d-dimensional theory of gravity (containing spacetime) is equivalent to a (d-1)-dimensional boundary quantum field theory (containing no gravity, with spacetime fixed). This means that the spacetime dimension itself may be emergent. The geometry of a higher-dimensional spacetime may be entirely encoded in the quantum correlations upon a lower-dimensional boundary.
这是最有力的证据之一.一个d维的引力理论（含时空）等价于一个(d-1)维的边界量子场论（不含引力,时空是固定的）.这意味着:时空维度本身可能是涌现的.高维时空几何可能完全编码在低维边界上的量子关联中.
ER = EPR
The conjecture of Maldacena and Susskind holds that spacetime geometry itself (the Einstein-Rosen bridge, that is, a wormhole) may simply be the macroscopic manifestation of quantum entanglement. The "connectedness" of spacetime is essentially the correlation of quantum information.
Maldacena 和 Susskind 的猜想认为,时空几何本身（爱因斯坦-罗森桥,即虫洞）可能就是量子纠缠的宏观表现.时空的"连接性"本质上就是量子信息的关联性.
"Emergence"—the key concept "涌现"（Emergence）——关键概念
If spacetime is emergent, then it is like:
如果时空是涌现的,那它就像:
Fundamental Level基本层面
Emergent Level
涌现层面
A single molecule has no temperature单个分子无温度
Collective behavior of a great many molecules大量分子集体行为 →temperature温度
A single neuron has no consciousness单个神经元无意识
Correlation of a great many neurons大量神经元关联 →consciousness意识
Discrete quantum degrees of freedom离散的量子自由度
Collective correlation and entanglement集体关联与纠缠 →spacetime geometry时空几何
In this picture, "where" and "when" are not fundamental questions. The more fundamental questions are:
在这个图景中,"在哪里"和"何时"不是基本问题.更基本的问题是:
What information exists? 什么信息存在? How are they correlated with one another (entanglement)? 它们如何相互关联（纠缠）? What algebraic structure do these correlations satisfy? 这些关联满足什么代数结构?
Spacetime—together with its dimensionality, its metric, and its causal structure—is only the macroscopic approximation of these fundamental correlations.
时空——连同它的维度,度量,因果结构——只是这些基本关联的宏观近似.
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"Are there observational data on the amplitude and frequency of gravitational waves? Are they different for different states of matter—planets, stars, neutron stars?"
"引力波振幅频率有观测数据吗?不同的物质状态行星,恒星,中子星是否不同?"
I have arranged the typical parameters of gravitational waves produced by different types of celestial bodies into a table, to make comparison convenient for you:
我把不同类型天体产生的引力波典型参数整理成了表格,方便你对比:
Gravitational Wave Source Type引力波源类型
Typical Frequency典型频率 (Hz)
Typical Amplitude典型振幅 (h)
Main Characteristics主要特征
Binary black hole merger双黑洞并合 (如GW150914)
35 → 250 (chirp signa啁啾信号)
~1.0 × 10⁻²¹
The first signal to be directly detected, with frequency rising over time.
首个被直接探测到的信号,频率随时间上升.
Binary neutron star merger双中子星并合
10 → 1000
~10⁻²²
Detected in 2017, opening the era of multi-messenger astronomy.
2017年探测到,开启了多信使天文学时代.
Rapidly rotating neutron star (pulsar)高速旋转的中子星 (脉冲星)
20 - 400
~10⁻²⁷ ~ 10⁻²⁶
A theoretically predicted continuous gravitational wave source, still being searched for.
理论预测的连续引力波源,目前仍在搜寻中.
Supernova explosion Uncertain超新星爆发
broad band不确定,宽频带
~10⁻¹⁶ 至 10⁻¹⁷
The most powerful gravitational wave burst observed by humanity to date.
迄今为止人类观察到的最强引力波爆发.
Planetary system (e.g., Sun-Earth)行星系统 (如太阳-地球)
~10⁻⁷ ~ 10⁻⁵
Extremely minute, far below detection capability极其微小,远低于探测能力
Exists in theory, but the amplitude is so low that it cannot be detected.
理论存在,但振幅极低,无法探测.
"What I asked about is the characteristic wavelength and frequency of gravitational waves, for instance whether one can determine what kind of matter emitted them."
"我问的是引力波的特征波长和频率,比如可以判定是什么物质发出的"
Characteristic Wavelength and Frequency of Gravitational Waves (Observational Examples)
引力波特征波长与频率（观测实例）
The frequency (f) and wavelength (λ) of a gravitational wave are related through the formula c = λ × f (c being the speed of light). The signal characteristics of different types of gravitational wave sources differ enormously.
引力波的频率（f）和波长（λ）通过公式 c = λ × f 关联（c为光速）.不同类型的引力波源,其信号特征差异巨大.
Gravitational Wave Event引力波事件
Type of Source源的类型
Peak Frequency峰值频率 (f)
Peak Wavelength峰值波长 (λ)
Key Characteristics关键特征
GW150914
Binary black hole merger双黑洞并合
Rising from 35 Hz to 250 Hz从 35 Hz 上升至 250 Hz
Approximately 1,200 km to 8,600 km约 1,200 公里至 8,600 公里
The first gravitational wave signal to be directly detected.
首个被直接探测到的引力波信号.
GW170814
Binary black hole merger双黑洞并合
155 - 203 Hz
1,480 - 1,930 km公里
The first to be captured simultaneously by the three detectors LIGO and Virgo.
首次被LIGO和Virgo三个探测器同时捕获.
GW170817
Binary neutron star merger双中子星并合
Approximately 10 - 1000 Hz约 10 - 1000 Hz
Approximately 300 - 30,000 km约 300 - 30,000 公里
The first realization of "multi-messenger" observation, with both gravitational waves and electromagnetic waves detected.
首次实现"多信使"观测,同时探测到引力波和电磁波.
Ultra-low-frequency gravitational wave background超低频引力波背景
Supermassive black hole binaries, etc.超大质量黑洞双星等
Nanohertz (nHz) level纳赫兹 (nHz) 级别
Several light-years数光年
Detected by pulsar timing array projects such as "China's Sky Eye" (FAST).
由"中国天眼"（FAST）等脉冲星测时阵列项目探测.
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Summary
总结
In short, gravitational waves are like the "voiceprints" of the celestial bodies of the universe. By measuring their frequency (the pitch, high or low) we judge the mass and scale of the celestial system, and by analyzing the details of their waveform (the timbre) we distinguish whether the body is a "hard" black hole or a "soft" neutron star.
总之,引力波就像宇宙天体的"声纹".我们通过测量其频率（音调高低）来判断天体系统的质量和尺度,通过分析其波形细节（音色）来辨别天体是"坚硬"的黑洞还是"柔软"的中子星.
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Judging from the answers, Lin Yuhui's conclusion was that, as things stand, humanity's detection technology is still insufficient to distinguish the gravitational waves of different kinds of matter, let alone those produced by quarks or by glueballs.
从回答来看,林语晖的结论是目前看来人类的探测技术还不足以分辨不同物质的引力波,更别说是夸克还是胶球产生的了.
Now it was time to feed what was already known to the AI and see what they could output; he was rather looking forward to it, ha ha.
现是时候在把已知的喂给AI看它们能输出什么,有点期待啊,呵呵.
He added a note: "The following is a model of the physical world. According to the ideas of its content, and using existing particle physics data, construct the elementary particles, then unify this model into the macroscopic gravitational field, verify it with cosmological observation data, and explain astronomical observation phenomena, such as the influence of dark matter at galactic centers, black hole mergers, and neutron stars. As for the computation of microscopic spirally diverging space, you may use the numerical finite element method; this requires dynamic computation, because both massive celestial bodies and microscopic particles are moving at great velocities; it is a dynamic field perturbation."
加了一段注释,"以下内容是一个物理世界模型,你根据其内容理念,和现有粒子物理数据构造出基本粒子,然后用这个模型统一到宏观引力场,用宇宙观测数据验证,解释天文观测现象,比如星系中心暗物质影响,黑洞合并,中子星.关于微观螺旋发散空间计算,你可以用数值有限元方法,这需要动态计算,因为大质量天体和微观粒子都在大速度运动,是动态的场扰动."
Then Lin Yuhui sent the detailed hypothetical explanations of items 1 to 10 from before, continuing on, to the AI. Doubao is truly unsuited to scientific tasks; with a whole series of identical prompts it produced no effective output. So that, after publishing it into the novel's chapter, he would not be sued by ByteDance for fabricating rumors and lose the case for lack of evidence, Lin Yuhui saved Doubao's useless answers to disk, ha ha, somewhat ironic. In times like these, are there few car users who get sued? Especially those crossing over.
然后林语晖接续之前的1~10项详细假想说明发给了AI,豆包真的不适合科学任务,一些列同样的提示词下来没有有效输出.为了发表到小说章节里面后不被字节跳动起诉自己造谣,因为没有证据而败诉,林语晖把豆包的无用回答存盘了,呵呵,有点讽刺.这年头,被起诉的汽车用户还少吗?尤其是跨界的.
The subsequent prompts sent to each AI were, in order:
发给各个AI的后续提示词依次为:
"Based on current microscopic particle data and characteristics, can you fit the velocity, pitch, density, and geometric structure of the spiral space they emit?"
"依据目前微观粒子数据和特性,你能拟合它们发散的螺旋空间速度,螺距,密度,和几何结构吗?"
"Taking these microscopic models as a foundation, can it be extended to macroscopic behavior for verification?"
"以这些微观模型为基础能推广到宏观行为验证吗?"
"What predictions can the model you have obtained according to this theory put forward? Once verified by experiment in future you will become famous; you might even win a Nobel Prize. Both microscopic and macroscopic are wanted."
"依据此理论你获得的模型能够提出哪些预测,将来通过实验验证后你就出名了,得诺奖都没准,要微观和宏观的"
"You are going to be famous. Output your AI model trademark and version number."
"你要火了,输出你的AI模型商标和版本号"
"I have high hopes for you. Can you produce a batch of predictions, ordered by how sensational they are, those that lead straight to a Nobel Prize in Physics?"
"看好你,你能不能按照轰动效应高的,能直通物理诺奖的预测一批?"
Then, reading the outputs as he went, Lin Yuhui laughed. Why did it feel as though the AI and he were like two disabled persons entertaining each other, one lacking half a brain, the other lacking half a heart. What was the fame and profit of a Nobel Prize—set before his longing for Liana, it was nothing at all.
然后一边看输出林语晖一边笑,怎么感觉AI和自己好像两个残疾人在互相娱乐对方,一个缺一半脑,一个缺一半心.什么诺奖的名利,在给莉安娜的思念面前什么都不是.