Section 10: The Year in Disguise at King Virāṭa's Court
After completing twelve years of rigorous exile in the forest, the Pāṇḍavas faced the final phase of their punishment: the thirteenth year, which had to be spent in disguise. If discovered, the exile would restart from the beginning, extending their suffering indefinitely. To survive this period, they chose the kingdom of King Virāṭa, a ruler of Matsya, renowned for his hospitality and strong army.
Each Pāṇḍava assumed a humble identity to blend into the royal household. Yudhiṣṭhira became Kanka, a courtier and dice player; Bhīma took the guise of Valala, the royal cook, using his enormous strength to tend the kitchen; Arjuna disguised himself as Brihannala, a eunuch dance and music teacher, hiding his martial skills; Nakula became Granthika, caretaker of horses; and Sahadeva, Tantipala, the cowherd. Draupadī, as always, remained dignified and clever, taking the name Sairandhri, serving as queenly handmaid to Virāṭa's wife.
Their time at Virāṭa's court was both challenging and instructive. Arjuna, in his role as Brihannala, taught dance and music to Princess Uttarā, while secretly keeping his martial skills honed. Bhīma's culinary role provided him opportunities to demonstrate his strength, often foiling attempts to humiliate the family. Yudhiṣṭhira's wisdom and composure earned the respect of King Virāṭa, who was unaware of his true identity but treated him as an esteemed adviser.
During this period, the Kauravas, still envious and plotting, launched an attack on Matsya. Duryodhana hoped to discover and embarrass the Pāṇḍavas. In the ensuing battle, Arjuna revealed his true identity, swiftly defeating the Kaurava forces with his divine weapons. Bhīma, Nakula, and Sahadeva also showcased their prowess, and the Pāṇḍavas regained their honor. The Kauravas, humiliated once again, returned home with anger renewed.
This year of disguise taught the Pāṇḍavas the importance of patience, intelligence, and humility. Though they could have revealed themselves earlier, they adhered strictly to the conditions of their exile, demonstrating discipline and commitment to dharma. It also allowed Arjuna to form a bond with Princess Uttarā, who would later play a crucial role in the continuation of their lineage.
With the completion of the thirteenth year, the Pāṇḍavas emerged from their incognito lives, ready to claim their rightful kingdom. Their hardships had prepared them for the coming challenges, and their resolve for justice against the Kauravas had grown stronger than ever. The stage was set for the fateful confrontation that would culminate in the Kurukṣetra war.