The biggest problem with Night City is the lack of resources. The land is small and poor, and the land outside the city is all desert. If it weren't for Richard Knight's brilliance, taking advantage of the market economy, and building a free trade city, nothing would have developed here.
The smaller the place, the more it fears economic sanctions, and with virtually zero land mineral resources, it's even worse.
It used to be thought that because of European companies, it was unlikely that Military Technology and Arasaka would heavily block maritime transport. Now Europe itself is a mess, so imports can only come from Africa and the south...
They did rely on issuing bonds to promote urban construction, but bond issuing is based on abundant supplies, controlled overdraft of future credit. If overdrafted too much, it will lead to rampant inflation. Night City is not a super government, the market is also small, and it can't operate on its own.
